CABARAN BEKAS PENAGIH DADAH DALAM MENGEKALKAN PEMULIHAN DAN MENCEGAH RELAPS
CHALLENGES FACED BY FOREIGN DRUG ADDICTS IN MAINTAINING RECOVERY AND PREVENTING RELAPS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v7i4.1337Keywords:
bekas penagih dadah, relaps, stigma sosial, tekanan ekonomi, rakan sebaya, komuniti luar bandarAbstract
Makalah ini membincangkan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh bekas penagih dadah dalam mengekalkan pemulihan dan mencegah relaps selepas melalui proses rawatan dan rehabilitasi. Kajian ini memberi tumpuan kepada faktor sosial, ekonomi dan persekitaran yang mempengaruhi usaha mereka untuk kekal bebas daripada penyalahgunaan dadah. Kajian kualitatif yang dijalankan di daerah Kota Belud ini melibatkan temu bual mendalam dengan lima orang bekas penagih dadah yang dipilih melalui kaedah persampelan bertujuan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa stigma sosial memberi kesan yang ketara terhadap keyakinan diri bekas penagih untuk menjalani proses pemulihan. Faktor ini turut mempengaruhi persepsi mereka terhadap penerimaan semula masyarakat serta proses reintegrasi dalam komuniti. Manakala, faktor ekonomi seperti kemiskinan dan kesukaran mendapatkan pekerjaan pula didapati menjadi antara faktor penting yang mendorong berlakunya relaps. Pengaruh rakan yang masih terlibat dengan penyalahgunaan dadah turut dikenal pasti sebagai faktor signifikan yang mendorong keterlibatan semula bekas penagih dengan dadah. Sebaliknya, motivasi dan sokongan keluarga merupakan faktor utama yang membantu informan mengekalkan pemulihan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa proses pemulihan dan pencegahan berlakunya relaps bukan semata-mata bergantung kepada individu, tetapi turut dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial, ekonomi dan persekitaran. Oleh itu, pendekatan holistik melibatkan keluarga, komuniti dan institusi sokongan adalah amat penting bagi memastikan pemulihan kekal dalam kalangan bekas penagih dan mengelakkan berlakunya relaps.
This paper examines the challenges faced by former drug addicts in maintaining recovery and preventing relapse following treatment and rehabilitation. The study focuses on the social, economic and environmental factors that influence their efforts to remain free from drug abuse. A qualitative study was conducted in the district of Kota Belud, Sabah, involving in-depth interviews with five former drug addicts selected through purposive sampling. The findings reveal that social stigma has a significant impact on former addicts’ self-confidence in sustaining the recovery process. This factor also shapes their perceptions of societal acceptance and influences their reintegration into the community. Economic factors, particularly poverty and difficulties in securing employment, were identified as important contributors to relapse. In addition, the influence of peers who continue to engage in drug abuse was found to be a significant factor encouraging former addicts to return to drug use. Conversely, personal motivation and family support emerged as the primary factors that helped participants maintain their recovery. The findings suggest that recovery and relapse prevention are not solely dependent on individual efforts but are also shaped by broader social, economic and environmental conditions. Therefore, a holistic approach involving families, communities, and support institutions is essential to ensure sustained recovery among former drug addicts and to reduce the risk of relapse.
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